The President's proposed long-term care initiative: background and issues.

Long-term Care Financing: Inserting Politics and Resource Allocation in the Debate; Comment on “Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan”

The ageing of the countries’ populations, and in particular the growing number of the very old, is increasing the need for long-term care (LTC). Not surprisingly, therefore, the financing of LTC systems has become a crucial topic across the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In the last three decades, various financing policies have been carr...

The Evolution of Long-term Care Programs; Comment on “Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan”

The need for long-term care (LTC) represents a “new social risk,” one that overlaps with and complements systems of care that pre-date such programs, complicating LTC program design. This commentary expands on Ikegami’s discussion of how these structural factors must be accommodated, as well as historical and cultural factors that influence public expectations of such a...

Key Issues in Designing Long-term Care Systems: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Long-term Planning of Optimal Placement of Distribution Transformers to Improve Reliability and Power Quality with the Approach of Reducing Costs and Losses

One of the most critical and complex issues in long-term planning of distribution networks is the optimal placement of distribution transformers. In this paper, the optimal placement of distribution transformers was investigated based on a complete and multi-objective function. In the proposed method, location, optimal capacity, and the service area are determined by minimizing costs (investmen...

Notes About Comparing Long-term Care Expenditures Across Countries; Comment on “Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan”

The comparison of long-term care (LTC) expenditures is a difficult task. National LTC systems differ widely in terms of eligibility criteria, level of benefits, institutional variety and regional heterogeneity. In this commentary I will first give some general remarks on cross country comparisons. Then I discuss the role of the informal sector which is the most importan...